Turtle and Tortoise Formulary
Analgesics/NSAIDS DRUG DOSAGE COMMENTS Meloxicam 1 mg/kg q 12 hrs sq in kemps, 0.5 mg/kg q 24 hrs sq in greens Not effective for loggerheads, ...
Female Dog Heat Cycle, Pregnancy & Whelping: A Pet Owner’s Guide
Understanding your female puppy's reproductive cycle is crucial for responsible pet ownership. Most dogs reach puberty between 6-24 months (smaller breeds earlier), with heat cycles occurring 1-3 times yearly, lasting 3-21 days. Key signs include vulvar swelling, bloody discharge, and behavioral changes. For breeding, optimal timing is during estrus (fertile phase), confirmed via progesterone testing at clinics like Petyaari. Pregnancy lasts ~60 days, with nesting behaviors and decreased appetite signaling labor. During whelping, expect contractions, puppy emergence, and placental expulsion—minimize disturbances for smooth delivery. Post-birth, mothers instinctively nurse and protect puppies for weeks. Always prioritize health checks before breeding and consult vets for cycle monitoring or whelping support. Responsible care ensures your dog's well-being through every reproductive stage.